Consult a urologist if you experience blood in the urine, recurring urinary infections, difficulty urinating, persistent urinary symptoms, kidney stone problems, or other concerns involving the urinary tract. Inability to pass urine or fever with severe flank pain requires urgent medical assessment.

Treatment depends on the stone’s size, location, composition, symptoms, and associated complications. Options may include observation, medication, ureteroscopy, RIRS, laser lithotripsy, or PCNL. Your urologist can recommend the appropriate approach after evaluation.

Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS) is a minimally invasive procedure in which a flexible ureteroscope is passed through the urinary tract to reach stones within the kidney. A laser may then be used to fragment the stones when appropriate.

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a surgical procedure used primarily to remove larger or complex kidney stones. Instruments are introduced through a small opening in the back into the kidney. The appropriate technique depends on the stone burden and the patient’s condition.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate that can obstruct urine flow and cause symptoms such as frequent urination, a weak stream, urgency, or difficulty emptying the bladder. Treatment may involve monitoring, medication, or surgery depending on symptom severity and clinical findings.